西双版纳州近10年傣族高血压脑出血发病率分析

摘要

Objective To study the nosogenic risk factors of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in Dai nationality of Xishuangbanna Prefecture during recent 10 years. Methods 240 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, who were selected as the research objectives, were divided into Dai nationality and Han nationality according to national, with 120 cases in each group. To compare the general condition and biochemical indexes between Dai nationality and Han nationality, to make statistics on the bleeding site of patients between the two groups, to make multivariate Logistic regression analysis on the risk factors of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in Dai nationality of Xishuangbanna Prefecture. Results The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in Dai nationality were higher, the body mass index in Dai nationality was lower, the triglyceride, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose were lower, compared with which in Han nationality(P < 0.05). The majority cerebral hemorrhage site was thalamus and lobar in Dai nationality(P<0.05), while which was basal ganglia and cerebellum in Han nationality(P<0.05). The systolic pressure more than 180mm Hg, the diastolic blood pressure more than 110mm Hg, excessive drinking more than 5 years, smoking history more than 10 years, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, cerebral arteries deformity were all the independent risk factors of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in Dai nationality. Conclusion Hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage of patients in Dai nationality, is inferior to which in Han nationality on the promotion of blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood lipid, has the characteristic of early onset, has the majority cerebral hemorrhage site of thalamus and lobar, has pointed out higher severity degree of disease, is worthy of clinical attention.%目的：探讨西双版纳州近10年傣族高血压脑出血发病危险因素。方法选择高血压脑出血患者240例，按民族分为傣族和汉族，每组各120例，比较傣族与汉族一般情况及生化指标，统计两组患者脑出血部位，并对西双版纳州傣族高血压脑出血危险因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果傣族收缩压和舒张压高于汉族（P＜0.05），体重指数低于汉族（P＜0.05），甘油三脂、总胆固醇及空腹血糖低于汉族（P＜0.05），傣族中脑出血部位中丘脑和脑叶较汉族居多（P＜0.05），汉族基底核和小脑出血较傣族居多（P＜0.05），收缩压超过180mm Hg、舒张压超过110mm Hg、酗酒超过5年、吸烟史超过10年、糖尿病、高脂血症和颅内动脉畸形均为傣族高血压脑出血的独立危险因素。结论傣族人群中高血压脑出血患者虽然血压、血糖和血脂升高不及汉族人群明显，但其发病早，并以丘脑和脑叶出血居多，提示发病严重程度更高，值得临床重视。