Objective To understand the morbidity status of uterine cervix cancer (UCC) and precancerous lesions of women in Wuxi city, in order to provide suggestions for screening, prevention and control work of UCC. Methods Examination of gynecologic, vaginal secretions, castoff cells were carried out in 753 310 women of Wuxi city. If the result of exfoliated cells examination was suspicious or abnormal, vaginoscopy should be done. Then if the result of vaginoscopy also existed suspicious or abnormal, histopathologic diagnosis must be done further. Results The difference in abnormal rate of castoff cells examination between different diagnosis standard (pap smear grading standards and TBS diagnosis standard) was significant (P < 0.05). The difference in abnormal rate of castoff cells examination between different region (city and countryside) was significant (P < 0.05). The incidence of gential tract infection was 9.58% among 753 310 women of Wuxi city. The difference in type of gential tract infection between different regions (city and countryside) was significant (P < 0.05).The incidence of precancerous change of uterine cervix was 0.10%. The differences in the extent and the incidence of precancerous change of uterine cervix between different regions (city and countryside) were significant (P < 0.05). The incidence of UCC was 14.47/ 100000. The difference in the incidence of UCC between different regions (city and countryside) was significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion For UCC and precancerous change, screening is the main method to precaution and controlling UCC. In large scale of UCC census, pap smear grading standards adopted to diagnose traditional blade cervical can obtain good screening results. Active treatment to the female gential tract infection can offer help in reducing the occurrence of cervical pathological changes. Increasing health promotion education for rural women, giving regular gynaecology and cervical cancer screening for more women can effectively reduce the harm of cervical lesions.%目的 了解无锡市妇女宫颈癌及癌前病变的发病现状,为宫颈癌的筛查和防治工作提供依据.方法 对无锡市753 310名妇女进行妇科、阴道分泌物、宫颈脱落细胞检查,脱落细胞检查结果可疑或异常者行阴道镜检查,阴道镜检查结果可疑或异常者再进一步行组织病理学诊断.结果 不同诊断标准(巴氏分级标准、TBS诊断标准)的宫颈脱落细胞检查结果异常率差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);不同地区(城区、农村)妇女宫颈脱落细胞检查结果异常率差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05).无锡市753 310名妇女生殖道感染发病率为9.58%,不同地区(城区、农村)生殖道感染类型构成差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);宫颈癌前病变发病率为0.10%,不同年龄段妇女发生宫颈癌前病变的程度差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),不同地区(城区、农村)妇女发生宫颈癌前病变的程度差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)且宫颈癌前病变患病率差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);宫颈癌患病率为14.47/10万,不同地区(城区、农村)妇女宫颈癌患病率差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05).结论 针对宫颈癌及癌前病变的筛查是预防和控制宫颈癌的主要手段;大规模宫颈癌普查,传统宫颈刮片采用巴氏涂片分级标准进行诊断能取得较好的筛查结果;积极治疗女性生殖道感染,对降低宫颈病变的发生有一定作用;加大对农村地区妇女的健康宣传教育,使更多的妇女定期接受妇科检查及宫颈癌筛查,能有效减轻宫颈病变对妇女的危害.
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