响应面优化柠檬蜡伞多酚类物质的提取工艺研究

摘要

柠檬蜡伞(Hygrophorus lucorum Kalchbr.),又称小黄蘑,是一种外生菌根食用真菌.以柠檬蜡伞为试验材料,对柠檬蜡伞多酚的水浴提取工艺进行了研究.在单因素实验的基础上,采用Box - Behnken设计和响应面分析法对影响提取效果的4个主要因素即提取温度(X1)、提取时间(X2)、乙醇浓度(X3)和液料比(X4)进行了优化,建立了各因子与多酚得率之间关系的数学模型为:Y=12.32 +0.54X1 +0.31X2+0.088X3 +0.28X4 -0.10X1X2 -0.33X1X3 -0.047X1X4 -0.21X2X3 -0.25X2X4 +0.15X3X4 -0.92X12 -0.24X22- 1.07X32 -0.29X42.根据上述回归模型通过Design Expert 7.1.0软件分析得出多酚的最佳提取工艺条件为:提取温度53℃,提取时间45 min,乙醇浓度60％,液料比36 mL/g,提取2次；在此条件下,柠檬蜡伞多酚的得率可达12.46+0.07 mg/g (n=3)；与模型预测值(12.50mg/g)相比,差异不显著(P＞0.05).试验结果可为柠檬蜡伞多酚类成分的进一步研究提供科学依据.%Hygrophorus lucorum Kalchbr. , also called xiaohuang mushroom, is one of the ectomycorrhizal edible mushrooms. The extraction conditions of water bath extraction technology of total polyphenol from H. lucoruml were studied. The effects of different extraction temperature ( χ1) , extraction time ( χ2), ethanol concentration (χ3 ) and liquid -sample ratio (χ4 ) on the extraction yield of polyphenol were optimized. Box - Behnken design and response surface methodology based on single factor were applied. A mathematical model of relationships between four factors and extraction yield of polyphenol was : Y = 12. 32 + 0. 54χ, + 0. 31χ2 + 0. 088χ3 + 0. 28χ4 - 0. 10χ1χ2 - 0. 33χ1χ3 -0.047χ1X4 -0. 21χ2χ3 - 0. 25χ2χ4 + 0. 15χ3χ4 - 0. 92χ12 - 0. 24χ22 - 1. 07χ32 - 0. 29χ42. The results indicated that the optimum extraction parameters were as follows; extraction temperature 531, extraction time 45min, liquid -sample ratio 36 mL/g, ethanol concentration 60% , and extraction twice. Under such conditions, the experiment value of yield was 12.46 ± 0. 07 mg/g ( n = 3), which was not significantly different with that of the estimated value (12. 50mg/g) attained by using regression model (P >0. 05). The results provided the scientific reference for further study of polyphenol in H. lucorum Kalchbr.