太湖流域水源地悬浮颗粒物中的PAH、OCP和PCB

摘要

于2010年5月和9月分别对太湖流域水源地悬浮颗粒物(SPM)中的PAH、OCP和PCB的残留水平进行了检测和分析.结果表明,研究区PAH、OCP和PCB的含量分别为806.9～3815.3ng/g、10.04～50.86ng/g和2.20～5.06ng/g.与5月份相比,9月份的大部分采样点三种污染物含量有所增加.PAH中HMW-PAHs的含量占优势,主要来源于石油类排放、石油及其精炼产品的不完全燃烧,少量来源于煤和生物质的不完全燃烧.OCP中DDTs的含量占优势,研究区有新的HCHs和林丹输入,但DDTs没有新的输入.Aroclor检出率最高的为Aroclorl016与Aroclor1260,这可能与我国主要生产和使用的PCBs产品有关.相对于国内外其他地区监测结果和评价标准,研究区SPM所受PAH、OCP和PCB污染较轻,大部分地区均低于生态影响低值LEL,生态风险较小.%In May and September 2010, PAH, OCP and PCB concentrations in suspended particulate matters (SPMs) were determined in Taihu Lake basin, an important drinking water resource in Yangtz River Delta, China. The total concentrations of PAH, OCP and PCB in SPMs were 806.9~3815.3ng/g, 10.04~50.86ng/g and 2.20-5.06ng/g, respectively. The temporal distribution showed that concentrations of PAH, OCP and PCB in September were higher than those in May, respectively. In detail, PAH were predominated by HMW-PAHs. The composition characterization, particular ratios of PAH demonstrated that anthropogenic releases of oil products and incomplete combustion of fossil fuels were the main source of PAHs in SPMs, while smaller fraction came from incomplete combustion materials of biomass and coal input. In the present study, DDTs showed higher concentrations than HCHs. Distribution patterns of HCHs and DDTs indicated that DDTs in SPMs were mainly the history residues, however, new inputs of HCHs and Lindane still existed. The relevance ratio of Aroclor 1016 and Aroclor 1260 were the highest, which might be related to the PCB production and use history in China. Compared to other areas in the world, the concentrations of PAH, OCP and PCB in the study area were much lower and the ecological risk was relative low.