In order to identify the Fusarium wilt disease resistance of diploid and tetraploid watermelon seedlings,23 groups of diploid and homotetraploid watermelon were used as materials,the root injury method was applied to inoculate Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum race 1.The results showed that all the watermelon seedlings were susceptible types except for tetraploid'Zhe 2 xuan'variety which disease index was 72.Compared with the diploid,wilt disease were late in homotetraploid seedlings,and the symptoms were lighter,especially in'Yu15','Huangmei','Zhengzhou No.3','Fanzu No.1','89Xuan9','Xiaohongyu'and so on,the tetraploid watermelon seedlings were more resistant to Fusarium wilt than diploid ones.These results could provide reference for the disease resistance breeding of polyploid watermelon.%以23组同源二倍体和四倍体西瓜为试验材料,在幼苗1叶1心时期用伤根法接种枯萎病菌生理小种1,比较二倍体和四倍体西瓜苗期枯萎病抗性差异.鉴定结果显示,除了‘浙2选’四倍体西瓜发病指数为72,对枯萎病菌生理小种1表现为轻抗外,其余二倍体和四倍体组合均为感病类型.与二倍体西瓜相比,四倍体幼苗发病时间明显滞后,发病症状较轻,四倍体比二倍体抗枯萎病,在‘Yu15’‘黄枚’‘郑州3号’‘返祖1号’‘89选9’‘小红玉’等不同倍性组合间的枯萎病抗性差异尤为明显.这些苗期鉴定结果可以为多倍体西瓜抗病育种提供参考.
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