Illiciumverum and Illicium anisatum,belonging to Magnoliaceae,are very similar in appearance,so the identification of them is very difficult.The odor ofIlliciumverum andIllicium anisatum is different,and odor is one of the important evaluation indexes to identify them.The present study starts from the odor identification,and smell fingerprint analysis technology is used to detect the odor of Illicium verum and Illicium anisatum by fingerprint analysis.Based on the information obtained,the stoichiometry methods are used to do rapid identification ofIlliciumanisatum and Illicium verum. The results show that there are significant differences between the odor characteristics ofIlliciumverum andIlliciumanisatum,statistical quality control analysis (SQC)and soft independent modeling analysis (SIMCA ) model can distinct Illicium verum and Illicium anisatum;principal component analysis (PCA)can clearly distinguish Illiciumverum and Illicium anisatum ;the total cumulative contribution rate of discrimination factor analysis (DFA )model is 100%,the correct classification rate is no less than 99%.The present study uses odor fingerprint analysis to reflect the odor ofIlliciumverum andIlliciumanisatum and characterize the differences, and combine with the stoichiometry methods to achieve the identification of Illicium verum and Illicium anisatum. This study provides a new method and a new technology for the rapid identification of Illiciumverum and Illiciumanisatum,which is beneficial to the inheritance and development of odor identification experience.%八角茴香与莽草同为木兰科植物的果实，其在性状上极其相似，难以区分。莽草具有一定的毒性，被掺到八角茴香中难以辨别。作为常用香料，八角茴香气味浓郁且独特，而莽草具有不同于八角茴香的特异芳香气。因此，气味鉴别是八角茴香与莽草区分的常用方法。研究以气味鉴别为切入点，采用气味指纹分析技术，对八角茴香与莽草的气味进行检测，依据获得的气味指纹信息，结合化学计量学方法对八角与莽草进行快速鉴别。结果表明：八角茴香与莽草在气味特征上存在明显差异，统计质量控制分析（SQC）与软独立建模分析（SIMCA）模型能够实现八角茴香与莽草的区分；主成分分析（PCA）可明显区分八角茴香与莽草；判别因子分析（DFA）模型累积方差总贡献率为100％，正确判别率不小于99％。本研究采用气味指纹分析技术可反映出八角茴香及莽草的气味特征差异，并与化学计量学方法相结合，实现了八角茴香与莽草的快速鉴别。
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