几种商用益生芽孢杆菌特性的比较研究

摘要

The probiotic characteristics of commercial Bacillus products were compared using screening techniques in this study.Fifteen samples of medicinal(Y1-Y6)and feed sources (S7-S15)commercial Bacillus probiotics were collected to isolate and identify the Bacillus spp., and their probiotic characteristics were compared including enzymic properties of amylase,cellu-lase and protease,antimicrobial activities,tolerance tests to acid and 0.3% bile salts,antibiotics sensitivity,oxygen-consumptions rate and growth rate.The results showed that all the 15 strains could produce amylase,cellulase and protease with different enzyme capacity,and that produced by S9 strain was the highest.All strains could inhibit the strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus.Only 7 strains(Y2,Y6,S7,S9,S10,S11 and S12)showed antimicrobial activi-ty against E.coli.And the S9 strain showed the highest antimicrobial activity against all the three indicator bacteria.The vegetative cells of S9,Y2 and S8 had a strong tolerance to low acid envi-ronment and the survival rates of S9 and Y2 strains in 0.3% bile salt environment were more than 90%.Three strains(S10,S12 and S13)were resistant to erythrocin and S10 strain was resistant to tetracycline.The S9 strain grew faster with higher rate of oxygen consumption.In conclusion, S9 strain identified as Bacillus amyloliquef aciens showed better beneficial characteristics in all the 15 commercial probiotic Bacillus strains,and the study results could provide references for the selection and evaluation of probiotics of Bacillus.%为比较几种商用益生芽孢的菌株特性,为芽孢杆菌的选育提供理论基础,本试验收集整理了15种药用(Y1~Y6)和饲用益生芽孢杆菌(S7~S15)产品,对其芽孢杆菌进行分离鉴定,分别从产淀粉酶、纤维素酶和蛋白酶等酶活特性,抗菌活性,耐酸和耐0.3% 胆盐稳定性,抗生素敏感性,耗氧及生长速率测试等方面对芽孢杆菌特性进行了比较研究.结果显示,分离的15株芽孢杆菌均能产蛋白酶、纤维素酶、淀粉酶,但不同菌株产酶能力差异较大,S9菌株表现出较高的产蛋白酶、纤维素酶、淀粉酶活力;所有分离的芽孢杆菌均能对金黄色葡萄球菌及藤黄微球菌产生显著抑制活性,但只有7株芽孢杆菌(Y2、Y6、S7、S9、S10、S11、S12)可对大肠杆菌产生抑制作用,尤其是S9菌株综合抗菌能力最强.S9、Y2和S8的营养体细胞具有较高的耐酸能力,S9、Y2菌株在0.3% 胆盐环境中存活率超过90%.15株芽孢杆菌中有3株饲用来源菌株(S10、S12、S13)表现出对红霉素的耐受,S10菌株对四环素耐受.此外,S9菌株具有较快的耗氧速率和生长速率.上述结果表明,S9菌株(解淀粉芽孢杆菌)的益生特性更为优良,本试验结果可为芽孢杆菌益生菌的选育及活性评价提供参考依据.