用磁珠富集法和生物素标记（ATAC）5为探针构建了三角帆蚌基因微卫星富集文库。利用PrimerSelect软件对得到的微卫星序列进行引物设计并合成得到43对引物，初筛后发现有20对引物可以扩增出稳定、清晰的目的产物带。荧光标记这20对引物，然后用36只洞庭湖三角帆蚌扩增，发现17对引物呈现多态性。17个微卫星位点等位基因数的范围为6-28。期望杂合度（He）、观测杂合度（Ho）的范围分别为0.6776-0.9464、0.6389-1.0000。多态信息含量（PIC）在0.630-0.929之间。统计分析结果显示，其中有12个微卫星位点满足Hardy-Weinberg平衡条件。与本实验室之前开发的二核苷酸重复微卫星相比，该17对四核甘酸重复微卫星具有更高多态性，且更易于采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳等传统方法分析基因型，有利于节约成本，从而为三角帆蚌群体遗传分析、亲子鉴定等技术提供了准确、价格低廉的微卫星标记。%A microsatellite-enriched library of the Hyriopsis cumingii was constructed using repeat-enrichment method with biotin-labeled oligo(ATAC)5 and streptavidin coated magnetic beads. Forty-three pairs of primers designed by software PrimerSelect according to the sequences were synthesized for the pre-screening. Twenty pairs of primers which could amplify constant and legible expected DNA products were labeled by fluorescence. Seventeen microsatellite loci showed high levels in genetic polymorphism testing on 36 individuals sampled from Dongting Lake. The number of alleles at each locus ranged from 6 to 28. The expected and observed heterozygosities varied from 0.677 6 to 0.946 4 and from 0.638 9 to 1.000, respectively. The PIC value ranged from 0.630 to 0.929. Twelve microsatellite loci fitted to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Compared with the previous dinucleotide repeat microsatellite developed in our laboratory, these 17 tetranucleotide repeat microsatellite loci showed higher polymorphism. Also, these 17 microsatellite loci can make genotyping easier by conventional methods such as polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and save cost. Therefore, it offered accurate and inexpensive microsatellite markers for population genetic analysis and paternity test in Hyriopsis cumingii.
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