边缘型旅游地特征、形成机制与发展路径--以安徽省宣城市为例

摘要

The development and construction of peripheral tourism areas is an important proposition of China’ s tourism in its transformation and upgrading progress.With the development of regional economic integration and the change of consumers’ spending concept, some peripheral tourism destinations have grown into“potential areas”of the regional tourism development, and its research space and research significance are more and more important. Take Xuancheng City which has the typical marginal characteristics as an example, the paper analyses the multiple marginalization characters that are mainly embodied in the location space “fringe area”, provincial border and shadow of strong tourist area.In the relative optimal area of tourism resources, the abundant advantages are not very obviously reveled, and the intensity effects are limited.In the“gray area of perception” of tourism image, resource characteristic is not bright and recognition degree is low.In the“lag area” which has poor tourism traffic, network is not sound, and has poor accessibility.The paper discusses the main mechanism of forming process of marginaliza-tion, and points out that the natural cause of formation of peripheral tourism areas is their location in provincial bor-der area and the lack of typicality;The space cause of formation is that the surrounding core tourism destination has dominant shadowing effects;The cause of formation of economic marginalization is the insufficient supporting capac-ity of economic system, and less policy benefit is human factor.The paper proposes that development path of pe-ripheral tourism areas is to put forward multivariate analogy in sales, customers, image that attached to the core tourist destination and jump out of the mind-set, has interlaced development with the core tourist destination, im-prove its own infrastructure, and to cater to the core tourist destination’ s element diffusion.%边缘型旅游地的开发建设是中国旅游业转型升级时代面临的重要命题。随着区域经济一体化的推进和消费者消费理念的转变，一些边缘型旅游地开始逐渐成长为区域旅游发展的“潜力区”，研究空间与研究意义日益凸显。以具有典型边缘性特征的宣城市为实证，从区位空间、旅游资源、旅游形象、旅游交通和旅游经济等角度剖析其多重边缘化特征，探讨边缘化形成的主要机制。地处省际交界区、地域特征典型性不足是边缘化形成的自然诱因，周边核心旅游地遮蔽效应显著是边缘化形成的空间致因，经济支撑能力薄弱是边缘化形成的经济制因，政策惠及偏少是边缘化形成的人为促因。边缘型旅游地应实施多元比附、突出个性差异、完善要素建设的发展路径。