散体货物对敞车静侧压力的颗粒流数值模拟

摘要

以 C80B 敞车为研究对象，采用颗粒流程序对不同散体对敞车的静侧压力和内、外摩擦角变化时的散体侧压力沿敞车墙高的分布规律进行仿真模拟，其结果与库仑理论计算值进行比较。得出侧压力沿墙高非线性分布结果，而不是如库仑理论所计算的线性分布；侧压力的最大值位置随着内、外摩擦角的变化而上移。这种侧压力沿墙高非线性分布和侧压力最大值的位置与敞车的实际压力分布状况相符。颗粒流模拟结果指出了将离散元的方法应用于货车领域的可行性和有效性。%　　Taking C80B gondola train as the research object, this paper presents a granular flow program, which is used to simulate the static lateral pressure on a gondola train with different granule materials, and the distribution law of lateral pressure changing with the wall height of the gondola train when the internal and external friction angles change. The simulation results are analyzed and compared with the Coulomb theoretical values. The results show that the distribution of lateral pressure changing with wall height is non-linear, instead of a linear distribution as calculated by the Coulomb Theory. The maximum lateral pressure position moves up with the change of the internal and external friction angles. This non-linear distribution and the maximum lateral pressure position confirm to the actual pressure distribution of a gondola train. The granular flow simulation results indicate the feasibility and availability of the discrete element method used in the truck area.