库存烟叶霉变微生物分析

摘要

In order to realize the regulation of mildew of stored tobacco in Chengdu Sichuan, and reveal the main species of microorganisms causing mildew, 23 mildewed samples were collected in the year 2013, microorganisms in the samples were isolated through the method of dilution plate and were identified through the characteristics of morphology. The result indicate that tobacco leaf mildew can occur throughout the whole year in the area of Chengdu, Sichuan, from July to December are the peak season. 9 species in fungi and 1 species in yeast were isolated form moldy tobacco leaf, the top four most frequent species were Aspergillu sp.(36.36%), Penicilliu sp. (21.21%), Rhizopus sp.( 15.15%), Trichoderma sp. (9.09%). Mildew more caused by Aspergillu sp. in high temperature and humidity climate as in spring and summer, and more caused by Penicilliu sp. in fall and winter.%为了解四川成都地区烟叶霉变发生规律以及致霉微生物的主要种类和数量，采集了2013年度霉变烟叶样品23份，并进行了霉菌的分离和形态学鉴定，结果表明：成都地区烟叶霉变全年可发生，7-12月为高发季节；从霉变烟叶样品中分离鉴定出9个属的真菌和1个属的酵母，其中4个属真菌为霉变优势菌，其风别是曲霉分离频率36.36%、青霉分离频率21.21%、根霉分离频率15.15％、木霉分离频率9.09％，不同种类微生物在不同季节的活跃程度不同，春夏高温高湿季节发生的霉变多由曲霉引起，而秋冬低温季节的霉变则多由青霉所致。