不同采收期贮藏环境与‘新梨七号’果实品质变化的关系

摘要

[Objective] This study aimed to study the effects of different picking time and storage environment on fruit quality of a pear cultivar Xinlin No.7 and the relationship between storage environment and fruit quality,so as to provide a theoretical basis for storage and preservation of Xinli No.7.[Method] The fruits of Xinli NO.7were picked up in August (optimal) and September respectively and then stored in room,cellar and freezer,respectively.The dynamics in temperature,humidity,CO2 concentration,fruit weight loss rate,pericarp chlorophyll content and fruit interior quality were determined.[Result] The environment differed significantly among different storage methods.In room and cellar,the temperature showed a downward trend,and the humidity decreased after early-mid October.The CO2 concentration changed steadily,and increased rapidly in cellar after December.In freezer,the temperature and humidity changed steadily,and the CO2 concentration increased after October.The changes in quality of the fruits harvested in August and September were similar.There was a certain correlation between storage environment and fruit quality of Xinli No.7.In room and cellar,the variation trends of temperature and humidity were consistent with those of chlorophyll content,fruit hardness and titratable acid content with positive correlations,but were opposite from those of fruit weight loss rate,soluble solids content and soluble sugar content with negative correlations.In freezer,the CO2 concentration was closely related to the changes in fruit quality.Its variation trend was consistent with those of fruit weight loss rate and soluble solids content,but was opposite from those of pedcarp chlorophyll content,fruit firmness,soluble sugar content and titratable acid content.The differences in some of the traits reached significant levels (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).[Conclusion] With the extension of storage time,the temperature,humidity and CO2 concentration changed according to different patterns among different storage methods.The changes in fruit quality of Xinli NO.7 were related to the storage environment,especially to the temperature,to a certain extent.%[目的]探讨不同采收期和贮藏环境对早熟梨‘新梨七号’果实品质的影响以及贮藏环境条件与果实品质的关系,为‘新梨七号’贮藏保鲜提供理论依据.[方法]8月‘新梨七号’品质最佳期采收和延长至9月采收,在室内、果窖和冷库中贮藏,测定贮藏环境温度、湿度、CO2浓度的变化,测定果实失重率、果皮叶绿素和果实内在品质的变化.[结果]不同贮藏方式的环境条件存在明显的差异,室内、果窖贮藏温度呈下降趋势,湿度10月上旬中旬后有所降低,CO2浓度变化平稳,果窖贮藏CO2浓度12月后迅速升高;冷库贮藏温度和湿度平稳变化,CO2浓度10月后升高.8月和9月采收‘新梨七号’果实品质变化相似;贮藏环境条件与果实品质变化存在相关关系,室内、果窖的温度、湿度变化与叶绿素含量、果实硬度、可滴定酸含量变化呈下降事态,存在正相关关系;与果实失重率、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖含量变化趋势相背,存在负相关关系;冷库贮藏CO2浓度与果实品质变化密切相关,与果实失重率、可溶性同形物含量变化趋势相同,与果皮叶绿素含量、果实硬度、可溶性糖、可滴定酸含量变化呈相反事态,部分性状达到显著或极显著水平.[结论]随着贮藏时间的延长,贮藏方式的温度、湿度、CO2浓度发生不同趋势变化;‘新梨七号’果实品质变化与贮藏环境条件存在一定相关关系,与贮藏温度变化最为密切.