Silicon carbide matrix composites are composed of fibers, matrices and their interphases. The interphase, which connects the fiber and the matrix, has a significant impact on the performance of the composites. The most commonly used interphases are pyrolytic carbon and boron nitride. The preparation technology of pyrolytic carbon is relatively mature, but its long term use under high temperature oxidizing atmosphere is limited since it is prone to get oxidation when the temperature is above 400℃. The preparation technology of boron nitride has developed very rapidly in recent years and various new kinds of raw materials and preparation techniques have emerged. In terms of evaluation methods of the interphase, although it is very important to optimize the performance of the composites, the major problems are the difficulty in sample preparation and data dispersity. In this paper, the role of the interphase in silicon carbide matrix composites, common kinds of the interphases and their preparation technologies, the evaluation methods, and the future development trends of the interphases have been discussed comprehensively. There is a great space for further research on the development of new precursors, the development of new preparation techniques and the improvement of the utilization rate of raw materials. The further development of material properties and the design of multi-layer interfacial layer are the future trends. This paper has certain reference value for the development in the field.%碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料的常用界面层为热解碳界面层与BN界面层,热解碳界面层的制备技术已经相对成熟,但由于在高于400℃时易发生氧化而限制了其在高温氧化性气氛下的长时间使用;BN界面层的制备技术近年得到了快速发展,并且新型原材料及新型制备工艺层出不穷;界面层评价技术方面,尽管其对复合材料性能优化具有重要意义,但是目前存在样品制备困难及数据分散度大的难题.针对界面层在碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料中的作用、常见的界面层类型、界面层的制备方法、界面层的评价方法及界面层的发展趋势进行了综合阐述.认为在开发新型前驱体、开发新型制备工艺、提高原材料利用率方面,界面层研究有着广阔的发展空间,进一步提高材料性能及多层界面层设计是其未来发展趋势.对国内该领域的发展有一定的参考价值.
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