紧固件连接部位热应力分析的理论算法

摘要

Critical thermal stress is induced by the thermal expansion mismatch between metal fasteners and structural materials due to aerodynamic heating of hypersonic vehicles.A theoretical algorithm of thermal stress analysis of the solid and hollow fastener joints,under a uniform temperature change with initial clearance or not,is introduced,and the finite element models are established.The results calculated from the finite models and the algorithm show excellent agreement for both the magnitude and the distribution of thermal stresses in the solid and hollow fastener joints.It indicates this algorithm is feasible.This algorithm of thermal stress analysis is useful for prediction of thermal stress level and optimal designation of joint structure.%高超声速飞行器飞行过程中受到严酷的气动加热,导致紧固件连接部位由于热膨胀系数不匹配产生严重热应力,威胁结构安全,介绍了一种分析实心及空心紧固件连接部位在有或无初始间隙的情况下,承受均匀温度变化时产生的热应力的理论算法,并建立有限元模型进行仿真计算.通过理论算法和有限元计算得到两种接头的热应力大小及分布,两种方法的结果十分接近,说明这种分析算法是可行的,对于快速预估热应力水平、优化连接结构设计具有参考价值.