油井采出液中微生物群落结构的T-RFLP分析

摘要

Structure of a production water microbial community in a Daqing petroleum reservoir was investigated by T-RFLP (Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) and clone libraries approaches. Small subunit rRNA gene (16S rDNA) was retrieved from the samples sampled in July and October 2005. T-RFLP analyses were conducted with the results that the archaeal community was less diverse than the bacterial community. Time change resulted in the shift of microbial community structure; however, the structure of the archaeal community was not remarkably different between July and October 2005. In contrast, the patterns of bacterial community showed significant difference in these two months. The archaeal 16S rDNA partial sequences were mainly affiliated with Methanosarcinales and Methanomicrobiales. The bacterial phylotypes were very closely related to the "Betaproteobacteria" "Gammaproteobacteria" "Deltaproteobacteria" "Epsilonproteobacteria", Bacteroidetes, and Deferribacteres as well as a deep-branching microbial cluster which was predominant microorganisms in the production water from October 2005.%应用末端标记限制性片段长度多态性(Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism,T-RFLP)和克隆文库分析,以微生物群落16S rRNA基因(16S rDNA)为目标,对大庆油田过渡带油井采出液(于2005年7月和10月取样)中的微生物群落结构进行了解析和比较.T-RFLP分析表明,2005年7月和10月油井采出液中古菌群落结构较为单一,随时间变化不大;而细菌群落结构较为复杂,不同时间群落中的优势菌有明显的差别.古菌和细菌16S rDNA片段测序和系统发育分析表明,大庆油田过渡带油井采出液古菌群落中的优势菌均为产甲烷菌;细菌群落中的优势菌则与β、γ、δ、ε变形杆菌(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌(Bacteroidetes)和脱铁杆菌(Deferribacteres)有较高的相似性,细菌群落中检出了大量的未培养微生物(Deep-branching lineages).