逆合成孔径成像激光雷达微多普勒效应分析及特征提取

摘要

研究了基于逆合成孔径成像激光雷达的目标微多普勒效应,分析了激光信号高载频和大带宽对目标微动点一维距离像的影响,在此基础上建立了相应的微多普勒特征参数方程并讨论了快时间对微多普勒效应的影响.针对逆合成孔径成像激光雷达系统目标微多普勒效应的特点,提出了一种结合二值数学形态学腐蚀膨胀运算和推广Hough变换的目标微多普勒特征提取方法.仿真实验验证了文中微多普勒效应理论分析和微多普勒特征提取算法的正确性,并证明了逆合成孔径成像激光雷达对厘米或毫米量级微动观测的有效性.%The micro-Doppler effect based on the inverse synthetic imaging ladar is studied, and the influence of the high carrier frequency and the bandwidth of laser signal on the range profiles is also analyzed.Furthermore, the corresponding parameters equation of micro-Doppler is constructed and then the influence of the fast-time on the micro-Doppler effect is also discussed. Based on the Extended Hough Transform and the erosion and dilation operations in binary mathematical morphology, a novel extraction method of micro-Doppler effect is proposed for the inverse synthetic imaging ladar accordingly. The simulations are given to verify the theoretical derivation and the validity of the proposed method. In addition, the validity of the measurement of the inverse synthetic imaging ladar for the micro-motion at the centimeter-level or the millimeter-level is also illustrated in the simulations.