基因型和地域分布对小麦籽粒氨基酸含量影响的研究

摘要

根据河南省7个试验基点的10个小麦基因型籽粒中17种氨基酸含量的测定结果，对不同基因型氨基酸含量差异及其地域分布进行了研究，结果表明：小麦籽粒氨基酸含量不仅存在基因型间的差异，而且在很大程度上受生态环境条件的影响，环境间氨基酸含量的变异明显大于基因型，约为基因型间变异的1.5倍。不同试点所对应的气候分布、土壤类型与氨基酸含量变异有较大的吻合程度，表现出随湿润条件增加，氨基酸含量和必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸总量逐渐下降，而非必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的比例呈逐渐上升趋势。与人体代谢关系密切的赖氨酸化学记分较低，且变异较小。%According to the measured results of 17 amino acid contents in the grain samples of 10 winter wheat genotypes in 7 experimental units of Henan Province,the difference of genotypes and the region distribution on the grain amino acid contents have been investigated,the results are shown as follow:there are not only heredity difference among genotypes but also among ecological environment conditions on the amino acid contents.The variation among environments is obviously bigger than that among genotypes on the amino acid contents,being 1.5 times as much as that among genotypes.The climate distribution and the change of soil types in experimental units are identical with the variation of amino acid contents.With improving of humid degree,the amino acid contents,the essential amino acid content and the non-essential amino acid content are gradually decreasing,but the per cent of the non-essential amino acid content in the amino acid content is increasing by degree.The chemical score of lysine content,which is related closely to the metabolism of human body,is lower than other amino acids and its variation is small.