上海地产草莓中细菌污染的安全风险研究

摘要

为调查上海地产草莓细菌污染情况,从8个区采集231个草莓样品,筛查了沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌和大肠埃希氏菌O157:H7等4种致病菌,测定了菌落总数,并筛查鉴定了对头孢霉素(CTX)、磺胺甲恶唑(SUL)、四环素(TET)、强力霉素(DOX)、红霉素(ERM)、环丙沙星(CIP)和萘啶酸(NDS)等7种抗生素具有耐药性的细菌.结果表明:金黄色葡萄球菌检出率为2.16％,未检出其他3种致病菌,菌落总数在1.0×102-3.0×107 CFU/g,细菌污染整体风险较低;CTXr、NDSr、CIPr和ERMr耐药菌水平较高,分别属于短小杆菌属(Curtobacterium sp.)、微杆菌属(Microbacterium sp.)、肠杆菌属(Enterobacter sp.)、泛菌属(Pantoea rodasii sp.)、假单胞菌属(Pseudononas sp.)和克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella sp.)等属,存在潜在的耐药性迁移风险.%In order to investigate the potential risk of bacterial contamination in local strawberries in Shanghai,231 strawberry samples were collected from the plantations and supermarkets in 8 districts in Shanghai.The aeroic plate counts of 4 food borne pathogens including Salmonella,Staphylococcus aureus,Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli were determined,and the bacteria resistant to cefotaxime (CTX),sulfamethoxazole (SUL),tetracycline (TET),doxycycline (DOX),erythromycin (ERM),ciprofloxacin (CIP) and nalidixic acid (NDS)-resistant bacteria were screened and identified.The results showed that the positive rate of Staphylococcus aureus in strawberry was 2.16％,but the other 3 pathogens were not detected.The aeroic plate counts were 1.0 × 102 CFU/g to 3.0 × 107 CFU/g.So in view of the two above factors,the risk of strawberries in Shanghai was low.However,the levels of bacteria resistant to CTX,NDS,CIP and ERM were high,and the resistant bacteria included Curtobacterium sp.,Microbacterium sp.,Enterobacter sp.,Pantoea rodasii sp.,Pseudomonas sp.and Klebsiella sp.,so there was a potential risk of resistance migration.