为了研究渤海黑牛MSTN基因多态性与体尺性状的关系,采用PCR-SSCP的方法对578头渤海黑牛的MSTN基因的编码区进行分析,结果显示:外显子1和外显子2处没有发现多态性位点,外显子3处发现两个多态性位点,并且两个多态性位点所导致的基因型只有一种,所扩增的产物经过聚丙烯凝胶电泳发现后,有3种基因型.测序结果表明:外显子3的330 bp处存在一个G→A转换;336 bp处存在一个C→T的转换,AA型个体的序列与GenBank中的序列完全一致,为野生型,BB基因型为突变型.将不同基因型与渤海黑牛体尺性状进行了关联性分析,结果发现,AA基因型所对应的头长最小二乘均值要显著高于AB和BB基因型所对应的最小二乘均值,AA基因型所对应胸围的最小二乘均值极显著的高于AB和BB基因型对应的最小二乘均值,AA基因型对应腰角宽最小二乘均值极显著的高于AB和BB基因型对应的最小二乘均值,并且AB基因型对应腰角宽最小二乘均值极显著的高于BB基因型对应的最小二乘均值,其他体尺性状在这3种基因型上均无显著差异.%The polymorphism of code region in MSTN gene were analyzed using PCR-SSCP in 578 Chinese Bohai Black Cattle,one polymorphism site has been found in exon 3 of MSTN,but there are no polymorphism site have been found in exonl and exon2. Results indicated that there were three genotypes,namely AA,AB and BB. The sequencing results showed that there is G→A transition in 330 bp of exon3, a C→T transition in 336 bp of exon3. The least squares means of head length was higher for genotype AA than for genotype AB and BB;the least squares means of heart girth was higher for genotype AA than genotype AB and BB;the least squares means of hip width was higher for AA than genotype AB and BB,and the least squares means of hip width was higher for AB than BB;the other body size have no dominant difference in three genotypes.
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