为明确潮土区超高产田与高产田的土壤肥力差异,选取河南省温县、浚县和兰考县3个试验点,从土壤物理性质、土壤养分及生物学状况等方面对超高产田和高产田的土壤肥力进行比较分析,结果表明:超高产田土壤容重普遍低于高产田,土壤孔隙度明显高于高产田；超高产田耕层土壤有机质和全氮含量与高产田无显著差异,土壤速效养分均显著高于高产田,其中,超高产田0～ 20 cm耕层土壤有机质含量和碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量平均值分别为18.99 g/kg和142.75,42.93,246.47 mg/kg,分别比高产田高1.59％,10.64％,85.01％,33.40％；超高产田土壤细菌、自生固氮菌和纤维素分解菌数量显著高于高产田,硝化细菌数量显著低于高产田.%To find out the soil fertility difference between super-high-yield field and high-yield field, the soil physical properties, soil nutrients and biological status were studied in Wenxian, Xunxian and Lankao county of Henan province. The results showed that the soil bulk density was generally lower in super-high-yield field than in high-yield field,but the soil porosity and the soil available nutrients were significantly higher in super-high-yield field. The topsoil organic matter and total nitrogen had no differences between the two kinds of fields. In super-high-yield field,the average content of soil organic matter was 18. 99 g/kg,and the soil available N,P and K content were 142.75,42.93 and 246.47 mg/kg, respectively, increased by 1.59% , 10. 64% ,85.01% and 33.40% respectively in comparison to high-yield field;The soil bacteria,free-living nitrogen fixer and cellulolytic bacteria in super-high-yield field were significantly higher than in high-yield field,but nitrifying bacteria were significantly lower than in high-yield field.
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