牛科物种 FSHβ基因外显子3编码区遗传多态性及其生物信息学分析

摘要

Follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) has important effects in regulating animal reproductive function . In this paper,the polymorphisms in the coding region of FSHβgene exon 3 of river buffalo,swamp buffalo,yak and gayal were detected by using PCR with direct sequencing .The data obtained in this study and published about bo-vine species were dealt with by employing the methods of bioinformatics .The coding region in FSHβgene exon 3 contained 231 bp in all the species of Bovidae.In buffalo,we identified 16 SNPs,of which 13 were non-synony-mous,and 4 non-synonymous loci were predicted to have significant effect on FSH function (subPSEC <-3).The SNP loci detected in swamp buffalo were all shared with river buffalo ,but the population genetic composition were different in two types of buffalos.There were 8,3 and 1 SNPs in cattle,yak and gayal,respectively,but only SNP307 was non-synonymous which was shared by yak and cattle and was predicted to have no significant effect on FSH function(subPSEC>-3).In goat,11 SNPs were found,of which 8 SNPs were non-synonymous,but only SNP253 was predicted to have significant effect on FSH function (subPSEC<-3).As for sheep,3 SNPs were found,they are non-synonymous.In this paper,there are 4 and 1 specific nucleotide sites identified in buffalo and goat ,respectively. There are 4 shared nucleotide sites identified among cattle ,yaks and gayal,and 2 shared nucleotide sites identified be-tween goat and sheep.The differences of their deduced amino acid in FSH precursor caused by the differences of these specific nucleotide sites may be related to the FSH specificity in different type species of Bovidae .%　　促卵泡素是动物垂体前叶分泌的重要繁殖调控激素。采用PCR产物直接测序法对河流型和沼泽型水牛、牦牛和大额牛的FSHβ基因外显子3编码区进行群体变异检测，并进行了生物信息学分析。牛科物种FSHβ基因外显子3编码区均为231 bp。在水牛中共发现16个SNP位点，其中异义替换13个，推测4个异义替换对FSH功能有显著影响（subPSEC＜-3）。沼泽型水牛中发现的SNP位点均与河流型水牛共享，但它们在两类水牛中的群体遗传组成不同。在普通牛、牦牛和大额牛中分别确定8，3，1个SNP位点，但只有SNP307是异义替换，普通牛与牦牛共享该位点，推测其对FSH功能无显著影响（subPSEC＞-3）。在山羊中有11个SNP位点，8个为异义替换，推测只有SNP253对FSH功能有显著影响（subPSEC＜-3）。在绵羊中有3个SNP位点，皆为同义替换。确定水牛特有的核苷酸位点4个，山羊特有的位点1个，普通牛、牦牛和大额牛共有的核苷酸位点4个，山羊和绵羊中共有的位点2个，这些位点编码氨基酸的差异可能引起了不同类型牛科物种间FSHβ亚基功能上的差异性。