针对中国当前航路空域拥挤日益严重的问题,分3个步骤进行解决:第1步,对空域管制单元之间存在的交通流耦合因素进行分析,建立基于空域管制单元耦合因素的航路容量模型;第2步,为反映不同类型航班对计划到达时间变动范围的不同接受程度,定义了航班的延误成本函数和改航成本函数;第3步,在上述两步的基础上,为充分利用可行的航路空域资源和降低航班总延误成本,建立了整合改航策略和等待策略的协同多航路资源分配的O-1整数规划模型.另外,设计了以匈牙利算法为核心的启发式算法求解该优化模型.最后,使用京广航路的中南空管中心范围内的运行数据,对上述模型和算法进行了仿真运算.仿真结果表明:协同分配策略要比非协同分配策略在平均延误时间和平均延误成本方面分别下降30%和40%以上;在协同和非协同的两种策略下,利用本文模型优化后的运行结果均要比先计划先服务(FSFS)策略的运行结果在平均延误成本方面下降20%以上.%This paper proposes three steps to solve the severe en-route airspace congestion in China.First, it analyzes the coupling effect caused by flight flows between neighbor airspace units, and then presents an en-route capacity model under coupling constraints between neighbor airspace units.Second, in order to reflect the different arrival time limitations of different flights, it defines the flight delay cost functions and rerouting cost functions.Third, the paper developes a 0-1 integer programming model for collaborative multiple en-route slot resource allocation which integrates the rerouting and delay tactics.In addition,a heuristic algorithm based on the Hungarian algorithm is developed to compute the model.Finally, a series of simulation experiments are performed using the operational data of the Beijing-Guangzhou route in the range of the Central South China Air Traffic Control Center.Numerical results show that the resource rationing under collaborative decision reduceds the average delay time of congested flights by more then 30％ and it reduces the average delay cost of congested flights by more then 40％ as compared with those under non collaborative decision making.The results also demonstrate that, under both collaborative and non collaborative strategy, the proposed models may reduce the average delay costs by more than 20％ as compared with those under the first schedule first service (FSFS) rule.
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