从布迪厄社会学角度看鲁迅小说集《故事新编》译者的惯习

摘要

本文以法国社会学家皮埃尔·布迪厄的社会学理论为框架，研究鲁迅小说集《故事新编》杨宪益夫妇和蓝诗玲两个译本中体现的译者惯习，以及影响惯习形成与发展的场域和资本等社会文化变量。本文旨在通过译本对比研究，分析译者翻译策略，体现布迪厄社会学理论框架与翻译理论研究进行跨学科结合的可行性。
　　本文从微观与宏观两个层面对《故事新编》两译者的惯习、场域和资本进行研究。微观层面是通过收集原文本中的文化专有项，结合艾克希拉的文化专有项翻译策略理论进行分析。本文从姓名称谓、地理名称、神话人物、文学典故、历史典故、度量衡和家庭生活七类文化专有项出发，分析两位译者在各自翻译中体现的策略以及惯习。两位译者在文化专有项翻译中体现的主要倾向是贴近原文，而相较之下，杨译本更加忠实于原文，蓝译本则比杨译本更注重目的语文本读者的接受度，因此相对更加流畅。
　　宏观层面主要关注两位译者的翻译场域和翻译资本。研究资料来源于杨宪益自传、笔者对蓝诗玲的采访以及其他发表在核心刊物上的相关访谈。译者的时代、文化、家庭、教育背景被纳入翻译场域考量。此外，本文还分析了杨宪益的政治场域和蓝诗玲的出版产业场域对其翻译场域的影响。在翻译资本的讨论中，本文结合布迪厄提出的经济、社会、文化和象征资本分析了译者的相应资本。最终，本文结合翻译场域和资本，总结了影响译者惯习的四大社会文化变量，即文化教育背景、工作环境、社会关系和社会地位。
　　本研究的初衷受近年来翻译研究与社会学跨学科交融趋势的启发。本文选取社会学范畴中布迪厄的社会实践理论，以鲁迅小说集《故事新编》为切入点，结合社会学概念分析译者的策略以及社会文化变量对译者的影响。

目录

声明

Acknowledgements

Abstract

摘要

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction

1．1 General Introduction to the Study

1．2 Objectives and Necessity of the Study

1．3 Organization of the Thesis

Chapter 2 Literature Review

2．1 An Overview of the Studies on the Translator

2．1．1 The Core：Invisibility and Subjectivity

2．1．2 The Trend：Towards Consilience

2．2 An Overview of the Studies on the Sociology of Transiation

2．2．1 Simeoni：The Pivotal Status of the Translator’s Habitus

2．2．2 Inghilleri：Construction of the “Object” in Translation and Interpreting Studies

2．2．3 Gouanvic：A Bourdieusian Theory of Translation，or the Coincidence of Practical Instances：Habitus，Field，Capital and Illusio

2．3 An Overview of the Current Translation Studies of Lu Xun’s Fiction

2．3．1 The Scope of Literature and Culture

2．3．2 The Scope of the Translator’s Role

Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework

3．1 Bourdieusian Sociological Model

3．1．1 Field

3．1．2 Habitus

3．1．3 Capital

3．2 Aixelà’s Classification of Culture-specific Item (CSI) Translation Procedures

3．2．1 The Definition of CSI

3．2．2 The Classification of CSI Translation Procedures

Chapter 4 The Micro-structural Investigation into the Translator’s Habitus

4．1 The Categorization of Culture-specific Items (CSIs) in the ST

4．2 An Analysis of the CSI Translations in the ST

4．2．1 Personal Names and Titles

4．2．2 Geographical Names

4．2．3 Mythological Beings

4．2．4 Literary Allusions

4．2．5 Historical Allusions

4．2．6 Measurements

4．2．7 Domestic Life and Activities

4．3 A Summary of Translators’ Habitus in CSI Translations

Chapter 5 The Macro-structural Investigation into the TransIation Practice

5．1 An Analysis of the Fields of the Yangs and Lovell

5．1．1 The Fields of the Yangs’ Translation

5．1．2 The Fields of Lovell’s Translation

5．2 An Analysis of the Capitals of the Yangs and Lovell

5．2．1 The Economic Capitals of the Yangs and Lovell

5．2．2 The Social Capitals of the Yangs and Lovell

5．2．3 The Cultural Capitals of the Yangs and Lovell

5．2．4 The Symbolic Capitals of the Yangs and Lovell

5．3 A Summary of the Socio-cultural Variables on Translation Practice

Chapter 6 Conclusion

6．1 Major Findings of the Study

6．2 Implication of the Study

6．3 Limitation of the Study and Suggestions for Further Studies

Bibliography

Appendix 1 CSI Translation Procedures of the Yangs and Julia Lovell

Appendix 2 An Interview with Julia Lovell

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