声明
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ABSTRACT
摘要
ABBREVIATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
1.1 Background information
1.2 Research objectives
1.3.Review of literature
1.3.1 Characteristics of Cucurbita species
1.3.2 Crossing approaches for development of inter-specific inbred lines
1.3.3 Fruit developmentin Cucurbita species
1.3.4 Texture Evaluation
1.3.5 Role of carbohydrates in squash fruit quality
1.3.6 Role of carotenoids in squash fruit quality
CHAPTER 2 STARCH STRUCTURE,PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND TEXTURAL PROPERTIES OF NOVEL INTER-SPECIFIC INBRED LINE SQUASH FRUITS
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Materials and methods
2.2.1 Plant material and sample preparation
2.2.2 Starch isolation
2.2.3 Starch granule morphology
2.2.4 Determination of total starch
2.2.5 Dry matter assessment
2.2.6 Cooking properties
2.2.7 Water uptake and total solid loss
2.2.8 Textural properties of raw and cooked squashes
2.2.9 Sensory analysis
2.2.10 Statistical analysis
2.3 Results and discussion
2.3.1 Starch granule morphology
2.3.2 Physicochemical and cooking properties of squash fruits
2.3.3 Textural characteristics of raw and cooked squashes
CHAPTER 3 CLONING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GENES IN CAROTENOID AND STARCH BIOSYNTHESIS
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Rapid amplification of complementary DNA ends(RACE)
3.1.2 Overview carotenoid biosynthesis pathway
3.1.3 Overview starch biosynthesis pathway
3.2 Materials and methods
3.2.1 Total RNA isolation and cDNA synthesis
3.2.2 Primer design
3.2.3 Cloning of cDNA encoding carotenoid and starch related genes
3.2.4 Sequence analysis and multiple alignments
3.3 Results and discussion
3.3.1 Phytoene synthase(PSY)
3.3.2 Phytoene desaturase(PDS)and ζ-carotene desaturase(ZDS)
3.3.3 Lycopene β-cyclase(LCYB)and Lycopene ε-cyclase(LCYE)
3.3.4 β-carotene hydroxylass(CHYB)
3.3.5 Zeaxanthin epoxidase(ZEP)
3.3.6 Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase(CCD)
3.3.7 ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit(AGPaseL)
3.3.8 Granule-bound starch synthase(GBSS)and Soluble starch synthase(SSS)
3.3.9 Starch branching enzyme(SBE)
3.3.10 Starch debranching enzyme-isoamylase type(ISA)
CHAPTER 4 STARCH ACCUMULATION AND STARCH RELATED GENES EXPRESSION IN NOVEL INTER-SPECIFIC INBRED SQUASH LINES AND THEIR PARENTS DURING FRUIT DEVELOPMENT
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Materials and methods
4.2.1 Plant material
4.2.2 Dry matter assessment
4.2.3 Stareh isolation
4.2.4 Determination of amylose and amylopectin
4.2.5 Total RNA isolation
4.2.6 Quantitative real time PCR analysis
4.3 Results and discussion
4.3.1 Percent dry matter and starch accumulation during fruit development
4.3.2 Expression profiles of starch related genes
CHAPTER 5 CAROTENOID ACCUMULATION AND CAROTENOGENIC GENE EXPRESSION DURING FRUIT DEVELOPMENT IN NOVEL INTER-SPECIFIC INBRED SQUASH LINES AND THEIR PARENTS
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Materials and methods
5.2.1 Plant materials
5.2.2 Carotenoid extraction
5.2.3 HPLC analysis of carotenoids
5.2.4 Total RNA isolation and cDNA synthesis
5.2.5 Quantitative real time PCR analysis
5.3 Results and discussion
5.3.1 Color changes of squash fruit flesh during fruit development
5.3.2 Changes in carotenoid composition in the fruit flesh of squashes
5.3.3 Carotenogenic gene expression profiles during squash fruit development
CHAPTER 6 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS
6.1 Overall conclusions
6.2 Future prospects
REFERENCES