声明
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ABSTRACT
摘要
Table of Contents
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
Chapter One INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Need for the study
1.3 Outline of the thesis
Chapter Two LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 L2 listening comprehension as a demanding cognitiveprocess
2.2 Theories concerning listening comprehension
2.2.1 Krashen’s Input Hypothesis
2.2.2 Noticing Hypothesis
2.2.3 Frameworks of task difficulty
2.3 Studies on the effects of factors on L2 listening comprehension
2.3.1 Studies of effects of learner factors on L2 listening comprehension
2.3.2 Studies of effects of task characteristics on L2 listening comprehension
2.3.3 Studies of effects of text characteristics on L2 listening comprehension
2.3.4 Studies of interactions of factors on L2 listening comprehension
2.4 Problems with previous studies
Chapter Three METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research questions
3.2 Research design
3.3 Operationalizing variables
3.3.1 Lexical coverage
3.3.2 Question preview format
3.3.3 Speech rate
3.4 Participants
3.5 Listening passages
3.6 Instrument
3.7 Piloting
3.8 Data collection and procedure
3.9 Scoring and data analysis
Chapter Four RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Results
4.1.1 Descriptive statistics for EFL learners’ listening comprehension
4.1.2 Effects of lexical coverage,question preview format and speech rate on EFL learners’ listening comprehension
4.2 Discussion
4.2.1 Main effect of lexical coverage on EFL learners’ listening comprehension
4.2.2 Main effect of question preview format on EFL learners’ listening comprehension
4.2.3 Interaction of lexical coverage and question preview formaton EFL learners’ listening comprehension
4.2.4 No effect of speech rate on EFL learners’ listening comprehension
Chapter Five CONCLUSIONS
5.1 Major findings
5.2 Implications
5.2.1 Theoretical implications
5.2.2 Pedagogical implications
5.3 Limitations
REFERENCES
APPENDICES