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从边缘走向中心的反思——中国当代女性批评、后殖民批评、生态批评之批评

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Acknowledgements

Introduction

Chapter 1 The Common Road of Feminist Criticism, Postcolonial Criticism and Ecocriticism

1.1 The Inevitable Trend toward the Center

1.1.1 The Deconstruction of Logocentrism

1.1.2 The Drive of Cultural Turn

1.1.3 The Push of the Harsh Reality

1.2 The Convergence of Feminist Criticism, Postcolonial Criticism and Ecocriticism

1.2.1 The Same Logic and Strategy

1.2.2 The Same Motivation and Methodology

Chapter 2 The Reflection of the Development of the Three Criticisms

2.1The Present Status of the Three Critical Studies Home and Abroad

2.2 The Ambiguity in the Naming of the Three Critical Disciplines

2.3 The Limitation of the Three Criticisms

2.3.1 The Limitation of Critical Subjects in the Three Criticisms

2.3.2 The Limitation of the Three Criticisms in the Literary Critical Practice

2.4 The Problems of the Three Criticisms in China

2.4.1 The Superficial Understanding of Western Criticisms

2.4.2 The Disjunction between Critical Theories and Praxis in China

2.5 The Threat of Mainstream Criticisms

Chapter 3 The Requirement and Revelation of the Three Criticisms in China

3.1 The Proper Treatment of the Three Criticisms in China

3.1.1 The Strengthening of the Understanding of Western Criticism

3.1.2 The Challenge to the Western criticisms

3.1.3 The Retrieval of Chinese Traditional Resources

3.2 The Construction of the Three Criticisms in China

3.2.1 The Construction of Critical Perspective

3.2.2 The Resistance to the Victimized “Self”

3.2.3 The Resistance to the Reversed “Self”

3.2.4 The Transgression over the Dichotomous Category

3.2.5 The Construction of the Active “Self” in Harmony

Conclusion

Works Cited

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摘要

在当代中国文学批评界,源于西方的女性批评、后殖民批评及生态批评被公认为最时髦的批评话语。许多批评家大胆预测这三种批评将从边缘走向中心,深入到文化与话语建构中去,取代原先占霸权地位的父权制批评、西方中心主义批评及人类中心主义批评等主流批评。然而光鲜的背后我们却无法回避中国学术界问题意识和批评方法原创性的严重窒息。本文以三种批评的共性为线索,在对三种批评进行共时性研究的基础上,探讨其中涉及的“弱势话语”如何由边缘向中心位移的必然条件和客观因素。女性批评、后殖民批评及生态批评拓展了人们先前狭窄的视角,暴露了现象背后的深层社会文化根源,也引发了诸多值得深究的问题。论文提出在推进三种批评向心之旅的过程中,必须注意到它们在学科命名上的模糊性、在批评主体上及实践中的局限性以及被主流批评残酷压制的现实。针对三种批评引进后与中国本土的衔接问题和三种批评理论与实践的脱节问题,论文提出只有创造出反映中国传统文化和现代文学基本精神的文学理论,才能使得这些来自异域的奇葩在中国的土壤中怒放。若要达成这一点,中国的女性文学、后殖民文学及生态文学创作应加强自身主体视角的反思,而不再是迎合主流批评视角的思考,警惕将女性、被殖民者和自然定义为受害者的代名词,或推向霸权的另一个极端的倾向,从而最终超越二元对立的等级划分,塑造出一个个和谐、崭新的自我形象,完善三种批评文学在中国的建构。

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