Overview of Chemical Markers for Varietal Authentication of Red Wines

摘要

Wine has an economic value that is associated with a luxury product, and its consumers demand reliable information. Additionally, a global wine market needs objective tools to verify varietal authenticity, making international trade more transparent. In this context, useful analytical methods for wine identification are needed to protect quality wines by preventing their illegal adulteration. The present work provides an overview of the published literature about chemical markers that has been used to classify red wines according to their variety. It also discusses the data analysis methods, as well as the incidence of wine processing technology and other practical aspects that can limit the applicability of proposed alternatives.