In modern fields of science, the urge for analysing the characterization of fluid flow as well as fabricating micro level devices to facilitate fluid flow is increasing noticeably. The technology that provides detailed information about the aforesaid concepts is referred to as microfluidics. Microfluidics, in substance, considers the flow in the microchannels. It proved its mettle exclusively in the field of medical diagnostics. In this paper, the prerequisites such as molecular analysis, biodefence, molecular biology and microelectronics which emphasized the need for microfluidic technology are reported, and the microfluidics technology is reviewed in view of materials used fabrication methodologies and applications. This review article finally intends to look out for the alternative material such as biocompatible metal rather than plastics, to have a better production rate. In recent times, the research works on microfluidics are increasing significantly, and this article will be useful for future research work on microfluidics area.
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