Social Critics of Raden Ngabehi Ranggawarsita in Javanese Literature

摘要

The creation of literary works, both oral and written, aims to inform leaders, women; as social critics; advice to the community to do good or as a social control. A famous, creative, criticizing and innovative poet in the creation or writing of Javanese literature is Raden Ngabehi Ranggawarsita, the last poet of Surakarta Hadiningrat Palace. The location of this research is in the city of Surakarta where there is a palace of Kasunanan and Pura Mangkunegaran, there are still old texts stored in 3 (three) libraries: Sanapustaka (Surakarta palace), Reksapustaka (Mangkunegaran), and Radyapustaka (Sriwedari). The main data of this research are the manuscripts of Serat Jayengbaya, Kalatidha, and Serat Jaka Lodhang written by R.Ng. Ranggawarsita. Data collection techniques are inventorying manuscripts through catalogs and checking directly to the location, transliteration and text translation, also analysis of manuscripts. The research method is qualitative descriptive, which is the writing is revealed, analyzed and interpreted in qualitative terms, the analysis cannot be measured by statistics because the data are in the form of words or the world in words (Winarno Surakhmad, 1980: 61); especially texts which contain social criticism. Secondary data in the form of oral literature or traditional Javanese expressions that contain social criticism. Raden Ngabehi Ranggawarsita's social criticism conveyed in his writings are: (a) many people are not grateful for God's gift in the field of work; described in Serat Jayengbaya. (b) Leaders, subordinates and people do not want to consult and no one wants to budge; so that the problems of the nation and state are difficult to be resolved (in Serat Kalatidh). (c). Many people because their lives are only oriented to money, property and women; so that they are full of plays and deception for the benefit of themselves and their groups (in Serat Jaka Lodhang).