Membranes to Pretreat Membranes

摘要

The primary weakness of spiral wound reverse osmosis (RO) membrane elements is their propensity to foul. All system designs take this into consideration and significant labor and money is invested in antiscalant and cleaning chemistries and regimens. Whereas coagulation/filtration and media filtration have been the traditional pretreatment of choice for years, recent developments in microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) membrane technologies have not only proven these to be superior, but capex and opex costs are now about equivalent to the 'traditional' technologies.