The subject of this article is the analysis of legal context and the political debatesregarding access of illegal migrants to health care assistance and institutions. Consequencesof non-regulated legal status significantly impair or even prevent the illegal migrants from themost basic access to medical care. The main condition to be able to use the specializedmedical care is the legal residence within state in accordance with its legal provisions. Fearingan increase in illegal migration and new spending, EU countries are not interested inexpanding social benefits of irregular migrants. Fearing deportation, dismissal from work andenormous costs of private health care, they usually do not ask for professional medicalassistance. By analysing the most important health risks of migrants the author has alsohighlighted the current legal and political debates in this issue. Lawful residence based onmigration status and rules regarding the welfare state must be coordinated with migrants'access to health care on the basis of universality and non-discrimination.
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