A Pragmatic Approach to Reduce Environmental Load in Machining Process

摘要

We discussed the coolant composition which can guarantee both the excellent fluid abilities as the cutting fluid and the good treatability as the recyclable material toward the development of sustainable cutting fluid system. We prepared three distinctive coolants; amine-free (EX-102), mineral-oil and amine free (α-1000) and amine-containing (EM-L) coolants. All of the coolants have excellent emulsion stability for standing in the natural condition but α-1000 and EM-L showed a good anti-rust properties while EX-102 showed a rather poor anti-rust property for the cast iron chips. The vegetable oil has a rather poor stability in lubricating performance than that of the mineral oils and synthetic ester. The alkaline substances dissolved in the amine-free coolant can be separated by the surfactant treatment as well as the oil contents, while some alkaline substances, maybe di-ethanol amine, are still retained in the recovered water from the amine-containing coolant. The activated carbon treatment showed no significant change for all of the coolant. Amine-containing coolant forms no stable emulsion; the recovered water can't utilize as a diluents of newly water-soluble coolant while the amine-free coolants can form a stable emulsion to a certain extent. The most direct attack to make the cutting fluid sustainable would be developing a new emulsifier and corrosion inhibitor that can substitute for amine compounds and can show a good treatability like the amine-free cutting fluid.