Ionic liquid-modified inorganic nanoparticles were prepared, and their biomedical applications were discussed. The N-methylimidazolium cation-modified hydrophilic gold nanoparticles became hydrophobic one when the counter anion was exchanged with hydrophobic anions. The N-methylimidazolium cation-modified iron oxide nanoparticles also showed the same behavior. The physico-chemical change of the surface on the iron oxide nanoparticles is useful for biomedical applications such like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The ionic liquid-modified iron oxide nanoparticles showed high dispersibility in water and low toxicity. MR image of the aqueous solution of the N-methylimidazolium cation-modified nanoparticles appeared stronger signal comparing to those for commercial products. Furthermore, the interaction with bio-molecules such as DNA was found.
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