MULTISENSING IN CHERNOBYL: THE STATE AND MONITORING OF OBJECT 'SHELTER'

摘要

Elimination of ecological hazards connected with the object "Shelter" and realization of the ultimate goal of burying of nuclear fuels contained in it together with radioactive materials and constructions is an extremely complicated scientific and technological problem whose solution will involve advanced production methods and scientific and technological potential of the best national and foreign organizations and enterprises. The diversity of the problem and the difficulties in achieving of the final goal bring to its dividing into two main tasks: (a) Conversion of the "Shelter" encasement into a long-term ecologically safe system. (b) Invention of technologies for dismantling, radwaste managment, transportation and burial of fuel-containing and radioactive materials which are inside of the "Shelter". The accident on ChNPP followed by social, medical, and ecological consequences revealed the important role of sensing and monitoring nuclear power plants in general and object "Shelter" in particular by means of a system of many sensors of various types with consequent data fusion and analysis. There are two issues of activity: 1. Many parameters state detection and control of such complex and potentially dangerous energy sources as working nuclear power plants are. 2. Object "Shelter" and Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in a whole are needed in many sensors observation and data fusion conclusions on buildings state, radiation situation, ecological safety, and even chain nuclear reactions. Neutron, gamma, temperature detectors, combined with laser diagnostics, high frequency interferometry can provide these goals. The planned term 15 December, 2000 of ChNPP closing doesn't withdraw the responsibility and enormous technical and financial efforts of the world community to continue monitoring and controlling to take needed measures in the case of necessity for preventing the dangerous consequences. Separately the problem of energy deficit compensation stands.