Unusual Presentations of Chlamydiosis in Psittacine and Other Birds

摘要

Avian chlamydiosis is a naturally occurring contagious systemic disease of various species of birds including psittacines caused by Chlamydiapsittaci.1 This bacterium was previously named Chlamydophilapsittaci? Chlamydia psittaci belongs in the familyChlamydiaceae within the order Chlamydiales. Chlamydia is a zoonotic agent and has been reported in more than 460 species of birds and in 30 orders, including psittacine birds, pigeons, doves, rheas, raptors, geese, passerine birds (perching birds), poultry including turkeys, chickens, ducks and wild birds.1-3-5 Avian strains of C. psittaci are currently divided in to 13 genotypes designated, A, B, C, D, E, F and E/B, IV, 6N, Mad 16, R54, YP84, and CPX0308 based on analysis of outer membrane protein A(ompA).A These strains predominately infect different avian hosts, although cross transmission occurs. In addition to C. psittaci, other species of Chlamydia that have been known to infect birds include C. abortus, C. muridarum, C. suis, C.pecorum, and C. trachomatis. Recently, new species of Chlamydia have been isolated from birds: C. gallinacea from chickens, C. avium from pigeons and C. andidatus ibidis from ibis.