Parrot Cognition and Behavior:40 Years and Counting

摘要

It is important to acknowledge and to deal with the intelligence and cognitive abilities of parrots to prevent behavior problems. The first part of the presentation (Pepperberg) provides evidence of parrot cognitive processes (probabilistic reasoning,visual working memory) that are as good as or better than those of 6- to 7-year-old human children. The second part of the presentation (Hooimeijer) examines how to use this intelligence to avoid and correct behavior problems. Ignoring parrots' abilities to respond to negative effects of human body language and human attitude can contribute to behavior problems. A 5-step protocol is presented as a tool to show respect for parrots as intelligent prey animals, create and reward desired behavior, reduce the stress of handling, and create mutual trust. Definitions of normal behavior, unwanted behavior, desired behavior, enforced behavior, and displacement behavior are described as tools to understand parrot behavior. Using displacement behavior is described as a method to deal with parrots demonstrating behavior problems. Wing clipping can make it possible to offer parrots more freedom as companion birds and to become part of the family flock inside as well as benefit outside from the social interaction, exercise, sun and fresh air. The disadvantages of having a parrot on the shoulder are discussed.