CHARACTERISATION OF HEALTHFUL LIPIDS IN U.S. RUNNER PEANUTS ' USING CHEMOMETRICS

摘要

In the United States, production of Runner, Virginia, Spanish, and Valencia market-type peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) provides about 10% of the world production of peanuts. Runner peanuts, the predominant peanut type in the United States, are primarily grown in Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Texas, and Oklahoma. Peanut breeding programs throughout the world introduce many new cultivars each year with varying nutrient compositions, including variations in fatty acid content of the oil. Nutritional attributes and stability of peanut oil have been improved by the successful modification of Runner-type peanuts to increase oleic acid (C18:1ω9) levels at the expense of linoleic acid (C18:2ω6). Ray and co-workers3 reported that the high-oleate trait results from reduced activity of microsomal oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine desaturase that converts oleic acid to linoleic acid. The high-oleate trait relies on changes in two oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine desaturase genes, ahFAD2A and ahFAD2B. The enzyme activity of either ahFAD2A or ahFAD2B is sufficient for the normal oleate trait. The high-oleate trait is caused by reduction in the levels of ahFAD2B and a mutation in ahFAD2.