Spasticity, a major complication of disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) signified by uncontrollable muscle contractions, is difficult to treat effectively. We report on the use of image-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) to target and suppress the function of the sciatic nerve complex of rabbits in vivo as a possible treatment of spasticity and pain. In situ focal acoustic intensity of 1480-1850 W/cm~2 was applied using a scanning method. HIFFU treatment of 36 + 14 s (mean + standard deviation) was effective in achieving complete conduction block in 100% of the 22 nerves treated (11 rabbits). Histological examination indicated axonal demyelination as a probable mechanism of nerve block.
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