Spirotetramat - discovery, chemistry and physicochemical properties

摘要

The discovery and synthesis of spirotetramat as the first broad spectrum phloem mobile insecticide against sucking pests will be described. The physicochemical properties of the compound and its corresponding enole will be given. Spirotetramat is thethird promising development compound of the cyclic ketoenole family. In comparison to spirodiclofen and spiromesifen, spirotetramat shows a two-way systemicity after foliar application. Due to this unique behavior a broad spectrum of sucking pests can becontrolled with good residual efficacy. The two broad spectrum acaricides spirodiclofen (trade names Envidor, Daniemon and Sinawi) and spiromesifen, which shows excellent activity against whiteflies, (trade name: Oberon) belong to the new chemical classof tetronic acid derivatives discovered at Bayer CropScience during the 1990s. Spirodiclofen and spiromesifen have a new mode of action (interference of lipid biosynthesis) and show no cross-resistance to resistant mite or whitefly field populations (Bretschneider et al., 2003).