DICARBONYLS IN COLA DRINKS SWEETENED WITH SUCROSE OR HIGH FRUCTOSE CORN SYRUP

摘要

Sweetened soft drinks are a popular beverage. Globally, Coca-cola~(TM) products alone are consumed at a rate > 1.5 billion drinks per day. In the USA, per capita consumption of sweetened soft drinks is > 60 litres per year. Most sweetened soft drinks worldwide are sweetened with sucrose derived from cane or beet sugar. High fructose corn syrup ("isoglucose" or glucose-fructose; HFCS) is a corn syrup-derived product that has been treated with invertase to convert part of the endogenous glucose to fructose. High fructose corn syrup contains 42% or 55% fructose - HFCS-42 and HFCS-55 products - depending on manufacturing process, with the remaining sugar mainly glucose and some higher sugars. HFCS production is only ca. 8% of sucrose production. In the USA, however, the use of HFCS has grown to approximately equal that of sucrose; HFCS represents 40% of caloric sweeteners added to foods and beverages. Beverages sweetened with HFCS account for 80% of added sugars in the US diet and account for 80% of the recent increase in calorific intake of the global diet. HFCS-55 has sweetness equivalent to sucrose and is used in carbonated soft drinks in the USA - such as colas. HFCS-42 is less sweet and is used in many fruit-flavoured noncarbonated beverages, bakery and other products. In contrast, little HFCS is used in the Europe. Hence, sweetened cola drinks produced in the USA contain mainly HFCS whereas cola drinks produced in Europe contain sucrose.