Although thyroid carcinoma is the most common type of endocrine gland malignancy, its incidence in Europe and in the US is quite low compared to other cancers. However, this pathology is very widespread and one of the important issues today is an early detection in order to decrease the number of unnecessary surgical interventions. In general, the pathologist will diagnose a disease by utilising histochemical means to scrutinise the tissue. His role is to determine and understand the microscopic structural and functional changes in tissue that are caused by or effectuate a disease. In recent years, many groups have proposed optical spectroscopy in the forms of fluorescence emission [1], infrared absorption [2,3] and Raman scattering [4,5] as rapid complementary tools for cancer and pre-cancer screening and diagnosis.
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