Carcinoma of the urinary bladder is difficult to treat successfully in dogs for extended periods of time. The most common treatment modality,surgery followed by chemotherapy,results in reported survival times of only seven to nine months. Multiple factors adversely affect treatment,including the following: both advanced stage at the time of diagnosis and anatomic location prevent surgical excision or significant debulking; chemotherapy with platinum compounds has limited efficacy;and significant morbidity is associated with standard radiation therapy protocols.Currently,only tumor location within the urinary bladder has been identified as a prognostic indicator in dogs.
展开▼
