A human factors research program currently underway involves Japanese nuclear power operators. Results from this study suggest that the norm of socially desirable behavior appears to influence operators' job performance and the value of that performance as preceived by experts. In Japan, focus on the correct behavior is viewed as positive. This result represents a sharp contrast with results from similar research programs conducted on power plant operators from the US. Such a collectivistic behavior (i.e., focus on social norms and expected behaviors) is viewed negatively in American culture. A comparison of results from Japan and the US may suggest that cultural differences play a significant role in determining the performance of nuclear power plant operators. It is argued that the most important role of future cross-cultural research in the nuclear industry is to contribute to smoother and more effective technology transfer.
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