Physical Organ Phantoms for Training in Minimal Invasive Surgery (MIS)

摘要

In surgical training realistic phantoms of organs are necessary. Today's systems only meet the requirements of a simulation of a medical intervention very limited. As of now it is only possible to learn the basic skills on such systems. Complicated and complex procedures have to be practised in experiments on animals or under supervision on the patient. As of now the physical organ phantoms do not display the requested features. Gelatine blends could eliminate this disadvantage because they possess the necessary mechanical characteristics. But as of now a correlation between the formula of the blend and the attainable characteristics has not been established. To describe this dependency the vital organs as well as the gelatine blends have to be calibrated under equal conditions. In order to do this a measuring method has been developed and tested in experiments. The results which are introduced here lead to conclusions about the influence which the condition of the organ has on its mechanical characteristics. Furthermore a differentiation between different organs was made. Finally the results allow the immediate comparison between material data for the first time. All these findings contribute to the production of realistic phantoms of organs used in surgical training. By using real anatomical photos e.g. CT data and processing them with Rapid Prototyping the produced organs made of gelatine blends are copied in an anatomically correct way.