The present invention relates to Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) (10), which comprises an optical resonator (20) with a first distributed Bragg reflector (12), a second distributed Bragg reflector (16), and an active region (14) for laser emission arranged between the first distributed Bragg reflector (12) and the second distributed Bragg reflector (16). The VCSEL (10) comprises an electrical contact arrangement (32, 34) which is arranged to provide an electrical drive current to electrically pump the optical resonator (20). An additional loss layer (18) arranged in the optical resonator (20) provides optical and/or electrical losses. These additional losses increase the wavelength shift of the VCSEL (10), which wavelength shift is an important parameter for sensor applications that rely on self-mixing interference. The present invention further relates to an optical sensor comprising such a VCSEL and a fabrication method thereof.
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