Processes for producing water-repellent textile materials and products therefrom

摘要

Fibres, yarns, fabrics, &c. of cotton, jute, linen, hemp, artificial silk, and wool are rendered water-repellent by reaction, i.e. impregnation followed by heating for a short time to a temperature above 100 DEG C. with an aliphatic or naphthenic aldehyde having an alkyl radicle or naphthenic residue of at least 10 carbon atoms so as to produce surface etherification. Catalysts may be employed. Substances yielding aldehydes, e.g. acetals may also be used. Aldehydes may be used having an alkyl group interrupted by atoms or groups O, S, COO, OCO, NR, NRCO, CONR, SO2, NRSO2, SO2NR where R is hydrogen or any desired hydrocarbon residue. The aldehyde may be applied by immersion or spraying and may be added directly to a cellulose acetate spinning solution. In examples, (1) spun viscose rayon is treated with stearic aldehyde and heated to 150 DEG C., (2) acetate silk taffeta is treated with behenic aldehyde and heated to 140 C., (3) cuprammonium artificial silk is treated with montanic aldehyde and heated to 160 DEG C., (4) wool clothing is treated with stearic aldehyde and heated to 150 DEG C., and (6) palmitic aldehyde is added to an acetyl cellulose spinning solution and the spun yarn is heated to 140 DEG C.