Novel C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 alkyl- and C.sub.3 -C.sub.22 alkenyl- sulfosuccinate starch half-esters are prepared by reacting a starch base or a modified starch base containing anionic, cationic, and/or nonionic substituent groups with about 0.1 to 100% by weight of the corresponding alkyl- or alkenyl-sulfosuccinic anhydride. The reaction is carried out at pH 5-9 and at 5°-90° C. for 0.5-20 hours or at pH 9-11 at 5. degree.-30° C. for about 0.5-3 hours. This one-step method may also be used to prepare sulfosuccinate half-esters. The long chain derivatives (e.g. octyl-, octadecyl-, octenyl-, and dodecenyl- sulfosuccinate half- esters) are hydrophobic.
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