For depositing layers of orientation on a substrate for the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules, in particular of the liquid crystal displays of large area, by spraying by means of a plasma of the materials which tend to an increase of columns of crystals, the substrate (14) according to the invention, is displaced very close to a target long (11) for the material to be sprayed, under an angle between the surface of the substrate and the cathodic surface of the target. The spraying takes place obliquely with respect to the surface of the substrate. The target has a length at least, which corresponds to that of the substrate, perpendicular to its direction of movement (15).
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