Method and Device for the Gradual Production of Polymers Using Melt Condensation

摘要

Disclosed are a method and a device for batchwise production of high-molecular polyphosphonates, polysulfones, polyarylates, polyamides, polyarylene ethers, or polyether ketones by melt-condensing a monomer compound carrying hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, anhydride groups, phosphoric acid groups, phosphono groups, phosphonate groups, phosphino groups, phosphinate groups, carbonyl groups, sulfonyl groups, sulfonate groups, siloxane groups or amino groups on its own or along with at least one diphenol, dialcohol, diamine, or a dicarbonate component. According to the invention, a) esterification or reesterification and precondensation are performed in a batchwise operated first reactor (1) in the presence of an esterification catalyst or reesterification catalyst; b) polycondensation is then optionally performed in a batchwise operated intermediate reactor (6) by optionally adding one or several additional monomers, another catalyst, and additives until a predetermined polycondensation level or viscosity level has been attained; and finally (c) condensation is continued in a batchwise operated final reactor (12) until the desired polycondensation level or viscosity level has been reached; and d) branching molecules comprising more than two functional groups are optionally added prior to or during esterification or reesterification, prior to or during polycondensation optionally performed in the intermediate reactor, or prior to or during polycondensation performed in the final reactor. The dwell time in the reactors ranges between 5 minutes and 15 hours while the temperature is set to 180 to 300° C. in reactors (1) and (6) and to 240 to 400° C. in reactor (12), the pressure being continuously or gradually lowered from 2000 to 100 mbar in reactors (1) and (6) and to 100 to 0.01 mbar in reactor (12) by sucking off the vapors produced during condensation.