The field of the invention is that of optical fiber telecommunications, and more particularly the optical fiber transmission systems with wavelength division multiplexing known by the acronym WDM. The invention proposes to arrange between the transmission members and the transmission and reception chain an optoelectronic calibration and servo device (1) for injecting into the chain signals comprising regularly spaced optical frequency combs. corresponding to the frequency comb of the telecommunications system or its interlace spectrum. This device essentially comprises an amplifier (11), a variable attenuator (13), a switch (14) and a spectrum interleaver / deinterleaver (15). In servo mode, it is thus possible to inject a wideband controlled charge signal in order to keep the total power constant and uniformly distributed over the transmission spectrum.
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